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However, the russian army, now commanded by mikhail kutuzov, opted for a strategic retreat, employing attrition warfare against napoleon compelling the invaders to rely on an inadequate supply system, incapable of sustaining their vast army in the field. Instead of marching as macdonald’s rear guard, yorck chose to sign his own convention of neutrality with the russians at tauroggen on december 30, 1812. Lacking food and supplies, napoleon abandoned moscow late in october and began the great retreat across russia

Due to the lack of food and the terrible winter conditions in russia, only a fraction of the original army managed to survive. Prussian resistance to napoleon was precipitated by the initiative of yorck, commander of the prussian contingent under macdonald The russians adopted a fabian strategy, executing a prolonged withdrawal that largely denied napoleon a conclusive battle

Although the french ultimately captured moscow, they could not hold the city in the face of a looming winter.

In the vast scholarly literature, probably the most neglected topic is the russian strategy This paper aims to focus on that. Napoleon's invasion of russia, also known as the second polish war or, in russia, as the patriotic war of 1812, was a campaign undertaken by french emperor napoleon i (reigned 1804 to 1814 As the russian army retreated, they systematically destroyed crops, livestock, and supplies

This left little for the french army to sustain itself as they advanced into enemy territory. The russian strategy, masterminded by barclay de tolly and later mikhail kutuzov, surprised the french emperor Rather than offering decisive battle, the russians retreated eastward, employing scorched earth tactics that denied napoleon’s forces supplies and shelter. Much more than just battlefield history, russia against napoleon is also the story of how russia's home front was mobilised against napoleon and how much the russian people suffered in pursuit of victory.

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